Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Quantum Computer Science or Birt

Quantum Computer Science: An Introduction

Author: N David Mermin

In the 1990's it was realized that quantum physics has some spectacular applications in computer science. This book is a concise introduction to quantum computation, developing the basic elements of this new branch of computational theory without assuming any background in physics. It begins with an introduction to the quantum theory from a computer-science perspective. It illustrates the quantum-computational approach with several elementary examples of quantum speed-up, before moving to the major applications: Shor's factoring algorithm, Grover's search algorithm, and quantum error correction. The book is intended primarily for computer scientists who know nothing about quantum theory, but will also be of interest to physicists who want to learn the theory of quantum computation, and philosophers of science interested in quantum foundational issues. It evolved during six years of teaching the subject to undergraduates and graduate students in computer science, mathematics, engineering, and physics, at Cornell University.



Table of Contents:
Preface     xi
A note on references     xv
Cbits and Qbits     1
What is a quantum computer?     1
Cbits and their states     3
Reversible operations on Cbits     8
Manipulating operations on Cbits     11
Qbits and their states     17
Reversible operations on Qbits     19
Circuit diagrams     21
Measurement gates and the Born rule     23
The generalized Born rule     28
Measurement gates and state preparation     30
Constructing arbitrary 1- and 2-Qbit states     32
Summary: Qbits versus Cbits     34
General features and some simple examples     36
The general computational process     36
Deutsch's problem     41
Why additional Qbits needn't mess things up     46
The Bernstein-Vazirani problem     50
Simon's problem     54
Constructing Toffoli gates     58
Breaking RSA encryption     63
Period finding, factoring, and cryptography     63
Number-theoretic preliminaries     64
RSA encryption     66
Quantum period finding: preliminary remarks     68
The quantum Fourier transform     71
Eliminating the 2-Qbit gates     76
Finding the period     79
Calculating the periodic function     83
The unimportance of small phase errors     84
Period finding and factoring     86
Searching with a quantum computer     88
The nature of the search     88
The Grover iteration     89
How to construct W     94
Generalization to several special numbers     96
Searching for one out of four items     98
Quantum error correction     99
The miracle of quantum error correction     99
A simplified example     100
The physics of error generation     109
Diagnosing error syndromes     113
The 5-Qbit error-correcting code     117
The 7-Qbit error-correcting code     121
Operations on 7-Qbit codewords     124
A 7-Qbit encoding circuit     127
A 5-Qbit encoding circuit     128
Protocols that use just a few Qbits     136
Bell states     136
Quantum cryptography     137
Bit commitment     143
Quantum dense coding      146
Teleportation     149
The GHZ puzzle     154
Appendices     159
Vector spaces: basic properties and Dirac notation     159
Structure of the general 1-Qbit unitary transformation     168
Structure of the general 1-Qbit state     173
Spooky action at a distance     175
Consistency of the generalized Born rule     181
Other aspects of Deutsch's problem     183
The probability of success in Simon's problem     187
One way to make a cNOT gate     189
A little elementary group theory     193
Some simple number theory     195
Period finding and continued fractions     197
Better estimates of success in period finding     201
Factoring and period finding     203
Shor's 9-Qbit error-correcting code     207
A circuit-diagrammatic treatment of the 7-Qbit code     210
On bit commitment     216
Index     218

Book review: Intrinsic Motivation and Self Determination in Exercise and Sport or FDA Regulatory Affairs

Birt: A Field Guide to Reporting (Eclipse Series)

Author: Diana Peh

The world-wide developer community has downloaded over three million copies of BIRT (Business Intelligence and Reporting Tools) from the Eclipse web site. Built on the open-source Eclipse platform, BIRT is a powerful reporting system that provides an end-to-end solution, from creating and deploying reports to integrating report capabilities in enterprise applications.

The first in a two-book series about this exciting technology, BIRT, Second Edition: A Field Guide to Reporting is the authoritative guide to using BIRT Report Designer, the graphical tool that enables users of all levels to build reports, simple to sophisticated, without any programming.

BIRT, Second Edition: A Field Guide to Reporting is an essential resource for users who want to create presentation quality reports from day one. The extensive examples, step-by-step instructions, and abundant illustrations help new users develop their report design skills quickly. Power users can find the information they need to make the most of the product’s rich set of features to build complex and compelling reports. By the time you finish this book, you learn the following and more

  • Design effective business and corporate reports that convey information through images, charts, tables, and cross tabs
  • Build reports using data from a variety of sources, including databases, XML documents, spreadsheets, and web services
  • Enliven reports with interactive features, such as hyperlinks, Tooltips, and highlighting
  • Create consistently styled reports and collaborate with other report designers through the use of templates and libraries of reusableelements
  • Localize reports for an international audience

This second edition, revised and expanded, adds updated examples and covers all the new and improved product features, including

  • Cross tabs and OLAP cubes
  • New chart types, including Gantt, bubble, tube, and cone charts
  • Web services as a new data source
  • New report output formats, including doc, ppt, xls, and PostScript
  • The capability for reports to reference CSS
  • Localization of report parameter and data values





















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